Preoperative Oral Health Assessment and Treatment Needs in Candidates for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery: a Brazilian Cross-Sectional Study

Jessica Ferreira Vogel; Diego Belmiro; José Alcides Almeida de Arruda; Sílvia Paula de Oliveira; Luciana Munhoz; Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de Andrade; Jefferson Rocha Tenório

doi:10.5327/2525-5711.461

Autores

Jessica Ferreira Vogel Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology – Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0862-8067
Diego Belmiro Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology – Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0109-6863
José Alcides Almeida de Arruda Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology – Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6599-3950
Sílvia Paula de Oliveira Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Clinical Dentistry Service – Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1892-7069
Luciana Munhoz Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, Public Healthy and Forensic Dentistry, Department of Stomatology – Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2375-5935
Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de Andrade Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology – Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3259-606X
Jefferson Rocha Tenório Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology – Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6986-9148

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/2525-5711.461

Palavras-chave:

Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardiovasculares, gengivite, cirurgia torácica, saúde bucal, higiene bucal

Resumo

Objetivo: Avaliar o estado de saúde bucal e as necessidades de tratamento odontológico de pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) em preparo para cirurgia cardiotorácica e/ou vascular em uma população brasileira. Métodos: Este estudo transversal incluiu adultos com DCV. Dados demográficos e cardiológicos foram obtidos de prontuários médicos, enquanto os exames odontológicos avaliaram o índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPOD), alterações periodontais e focos de infecção bucal. Avaliações radiográficas identificaram defeitos e lesões intraósseas. Resultados: Quarenta e oito participantes (54,2% do sexo masculino, idade média de 62,4 anos) foram incluídos. Doença arterial coronariana (DAC) e estenose aórtica foram as DCV mais prevalentes. Cirurgias de revascularização miocárdica e substituição valvar representaram 97,9% dos procedimentos. Os participantes apresentaram um alto índice médio de CPOD (18,8 ± 6,8). Os achados bucais incluíram cálculo dentário (35,4%), recessão gengival (31,1%) e defeitos ósseos horizontais (83,3%). A doença arterial coronariana (DAC) apresentou associação limítrofe com gengivite e/ou cálculo salivar (p=0,063). Observou-se associação significativa entre cirurgia valvar e revascularização do miocárdio (p=0,019). Conclusão: Pacientes aguardando cirurgia cardiovascular apresentaram necessidades significativas de tratamento odontológico, ressaltando a importância da prevenção, restauração e cuidados periodontais para minimizar desfechos cardíacos adversos. Nossos achados estão em consonância com as diretrizes internacionais e contribuem para a promoção de um cuidado perioperatório mais seguro e eficaz para indivíduos com condições cardíacas complexas.

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